Buffaloes 2010

Mon Oct 22 14:19:29 2018


1 Overview

The raster GIS layer on Buffaloes (2010) described in this document are part of the Gridded Livestock of the World database (GLW v3.1).

The GLW database was developped to meet three objectives:

  1. Collect, harmonize and disseminate sub-national global data on livestock distribution;
  2. Predict livestock numbers in areas with missing informations on livestock census counts;
  3. Provide an statistically-informed estimate of how livestock may distribute within census unit through downscaling algoritms.

Two main methods have been described in the litterature for distributing census data at the pixel level. The areal-weighted (AW) method simply considers that all pixels of the census area are equally suitable, and assign them an equal weight. It simply corresponds to the density of animals per km2 in the census unit multiplied by the pixel area. The dasymetric method (DA) assigns different weights to different pixels based on high resolution environmental predictor variables and Random Forest models, and the animal census counts are distributed according to these weights.

The AW and DA GLW global distribution data fit different purposes. The DA GLW models provide an estimate of how livestock species may be distributed within census areas. However, spatial predictors (e.g. human population density, vegetation indices, topography, etc.) that are used to derived the downscaling weights may introduce some uncontrolled counfonding effects for users willing to quantify the effect of livestock alongside these spatial predictors on an outcome. Similarly, the DA models may introduce circularity for users willing to use livestock data to study their impact on some these spatial factors, such as land-use, for example. The AW GLW models are free of any influence of spatial predictor variables, but produces more unrealistic distribution patterns, especially in large census areas containing a wide range of different land-use and farming conditions.

This report presents snapshots and links to high resolution maps of the different data layers available with the GLW v3.1 data package for Buffaloes (2010). Three GIS layers are provided, as geotiff, with an extent of X:-180 to 180 / Y:-90 to 90, a resolution of 0.083333 decimal degrees, and with the projection CRS “+proj=longlat”:

  1. DA GLW model (5_Bf_2010_Da.tif): This layer contains the DA animal numbers per pixel, with weight estimated by the Random Forest model. Note that the totals number of animals per census polygon of the DA and AW GLW models should be identical.
  2. AW GLW model (6_Bf_2010_Aw.tif): This layer contains the AW animal numbers per pixel in polygons where data where available in the subnational census, and AW predictions from the the model in census area where the information was missing.
  3. AW GLW prediction status (7_Bf_2010_Ps.tif): This layer contains a value of 0 in pixels where the AW animal number is from a census, and value of 1 if the value was predicted by the GLW model.

2 Snapshots

Note that the snapshot below were produced in the equal-area pseudocylindrical Eckert IV projection for a proper representation of densities. The standard lat/long visualisation of global raster data tend to visually over-represent animal densities in pixels located in northern latitudes as they cover a much lower surface on earth than those close to the equator. Altough the data files are distributed in lat/long, we recommend the use of an equal-area projection for displaying our livestock density data.

2.1 Dasymetric GLW model (5_Bf_2010_DA.tif)

A high-resolution version can be visualised here.

2.2 Areal-weighted GLW model (6_Bf_2010_Aw.tif)

A high-resolution version can be visualised here.

2.3 Areas predicted in the AW model (7_Bf_2010_Ps.tif)

A high-resolution version can be visualised here.


3 Description of sub-national census data

3.1 Average Spatial Resolution (ASR)

The average spatial resolution (ASR) gives an estimate of the average resolution of each spatial unit used to build the GLW models. It is estimated, for each country as \(\sqrt[root]{Area/N_u}\), where Area is the surface of the country in square km, and \(N_u\) is the number of sub-national units per country.

3.2 Year of the sub-national input data

The following histogram and maps show the year of sub-national census data used for the GLW models.


4 Goodness of fit of polygon-level predictions

The following plot shows the goodness of fit metrics of the predictions summarized by continent and polygon size. Note that these GOF are all established through cross-validation, i.e. by measuring the correlation between observed and predicted animal numbers (log10-transformed) in polygons that were not used to train the Random Forest models (see Nicolas et al. 2015, for details). Note that some values are supported by a very low number of polygons (indicated by the np, which is the mean number of polygons used to estimate the correlation between observed and predicted values at each bootstrap).


5. Citations

The GLW database was originally described by Wint & Robinson (GLW v1, 2007) and used the DA method with weights quantified through stratified multiple regressions. The modelling procedure was automated and standardized for GLW v2 (Robinson et al. 2014) and the methodology used to derived the weights was recently improved by replacing stratified linear regression by Random Forest for producing GLW v3.0 (Nicolas et al. 2016). This dataset is described in full in Gilbert et al. (2018).


6. Country census data references

Table continues below
  Country ASR Year Census FAOSTAT Source
AZE Azerbaijan 35.0 2012 265,922 277,400 The State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan
ARG Argentina 340.4 2011 82,094 NA Ministerio de Agricultura, Ganadería y Pesca, Argentina
AUS Australia 982.3 2011 4,414 NA Australian Bureau of Statistics
BGD Bangladesh 46.3 2008 541,184 1,349,000 Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics
BLZ Belize 61.0 2011 26 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
MMR Myanmar (Burma) 45.9 2011 3,075,813 2,977,150 Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department (LBVD), Ministry of Livestock Breeding and Fisheries, Yangon,Myanmar
BRA Brazil 39.4 2012 1,261,958 1,184,511 Istituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica
BTN Bhutan 13.8 2012 737 928 Ministry of Agriculture and Forest, Royal Government of Bhutan
BGR Bulgaria 63.8 2010 9,542 8,311 Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry - Agrostatistics Directorate, Bulgaria
CAN Canada 40.7 2011 83,935 NA Statistics Canada
KHM Cambodia 31.2 2011 672,727 702,074 Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
LKA Sri Lanka 51.6 2012 414,630 422,650 Agriculture and Environment Statistics Division, Department of Census and Statistics, Sri Lanka
CHN China 63.2 2002 22,723,012 23,598,000 China Agricultural Press
COL Colombia 189.2 2013 188,079 NA Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario
ECU Ecuador 105.9 2012 3,396 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
EGY Egypt 191.0 2010 3,818,242 3,818,236 Economic Affaire Sector, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Egypt
GEO Georgia 31.8 2004 29,541 17,500 National Statistics Office of Georgia
DEU Germany 165.3 2013 5,850 4,200 European Union Statistical Office - EUROSTAT
GRC Greece 50.9 2009 3,716 1,700 Hellenic Statistic Autority EL.STAT
GTM Guatemala 18.2 2003 1,948 NA Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Guatemala
IDN Indonesia 65.8 2013 1,082,393 1,999,500 Badan Pusat Statistik, Republik Indonesia
IND India 73.3 2012 112,751,266 107,375,000 Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries - Ministry of Agriculture - Government of India
IRN Iran 241.0 2005 2,684,490 212,400 Statistical Centre of Iran
ITA Italy 54.1 2010 360,287 365,086 Istituto Nazionale di Statistica
IRQ Iraq 155.9 2010 285,537 295,000 World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
LAO Laos 40.8 2011 773,695 1,189,000 Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Laos
SVK Slovakia 110.7 2010 500 NA Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic
MYS Malaysia 154.0 2012 118,674 125,900 Department of Statistics, Malaysia (Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia)
MOZ Mozambique 256.8 2011 366 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
NPL Nepal 44.3 2009 4,626,618 4,836,984 Ministry of agriculture and cooperatives (MOAC), Nepal
PAK Pakistan 83.9 2010 25,990,253 29,413,000 Agricultural Census Organization, Ministry of Food & Agriculture, Pakistan
PAN Panama 11.4 2011 2,394 NA Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo, Panamá
ROU Romania 76.2 2012 22,380 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
PHL Philippines 13.8 2010 2,961,485 3,270,400 Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS)
ESP Spain 163.2 2012 704 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
SYR Syria 120.4 2012 6,375 7,000 World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
THA Thailand 82.6 2013 908,055 1,622,646 World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
TUR Turkey 29.0 2014 120,627 87,207 Turkish Statistical Institute
GBR United Kingdom 246.9 2012 3,719 NA -9999
USA United States 54.1 2012 57,017 NA National Agricultural Statistics Service - United States Department of Agriculture
VEN Venezuela 57.4 2007 225,790 NA Ministerio del Poder Popular para la Agricultura y Tierras - Venezuela
VNM Vietnam 5.6 2001 2,778,333 2,877,000 General Statistics Office of Vietnam
SWZ Swaziland 65.9 2013 95 NA World Organisation for Animal Health - OIE
  Reference
AZE The data on regions, 2012 (http://www.stat.gov.az/source/agriculture/indexen.php)
ARG Ganados y Carnes - Anuario 2011 (http://64.76.123.202/site/ganaderia/anuario/index.php)
AUS Agricultural commodities. Agriculture Census 2011
BGD Census of Agriculture 2008 (http://www.bbs.gov.bd/PageWebMenuContent.aspx?MenuKey=371)
BLZ Belize: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2010-2011 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
MMR Myanmar Farm Animal Resources:Numbers and Distributions from Administrative Returns, 2011/12
BRA Produção da Pecuária Municipal - 2012 (http://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/economia/ppm/2012/default.shtm)
BTN Livestock Statistics 2012 (http://www.moaf.gov.bt/moaf/?wpfb_dl=844)
BGR Agricultural Census 2010 (http://www.mzh.government.bg/MZH/ShortLinks/SelskaPolitika/Agrostatistics/Structure_agricultural_holdings/Results.aspx)
CAN 2011 Census of Agriculture (http://www.statcan.gc.ca/ca-ra2011/index-eng.htm)
KHM Cambodia Livestock Census 2011
LKA Livestock Population by Type and by District - 2003 - 2012 (http://www.statistics.gov.lk/agriculture/Livestock/LivestockPopulationSubnational.html)
CHN a) China Level 1/02: China Agric. Press, 2003, and Taiwan Level 0/02: Stat. Office, Executive Yuan. Stat. Yearbook, 2010. b) China Level 3/96: Food and Agric. Stat. Centre, China. Abstract of the 1st National Agric. Census in China, Office of China
COL Consolidado Nacional por Especies 2013 (http://www.ica.gov.co/Areas/Pecuaria/Servicios/Epidemiologia-Veterinaria/Censos-2013/Especies-Consolidado-Nacional.aspx)
ECU Ecuador: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2012 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
EGY Statistics of Livestock 2010
GEO First National Agricultural Census 2004 in Georgia (http://geostat.ge/cms/site_images/_files/english/agriculture/census/section7.pdf)
DEU Agr_r_animal-Animal populations (http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/agriculture/data/database - last access feb 2014)
GRC 2009 Agricultural and Livestock Census (provisional data)
GTM IV Censo Nacional Agropecuario, 2003 (http://www.ine.gob.gt/np/agropecuario/tomo%20IV.pdf) - last access 01/2014
IDN Data Sensus Pertanian 2013 (http://st2013.bps.go.id/dev2/index.php)
IND 19th Livestock Census - 2012, all india report (http://www.dahd.nic.in/dahd/WriteReadData/Livestock.pdf)
IRN Iran Statistical Yearbook 1385 (2005)
ITA Censimento Agricultura 2010 (http://dati-censimentoagricoltura.istat.it)
IRQ Iraq: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2008-2010 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
LAO Lao Livestock census Data 2011/12 In: PDR Farm Animal Distributions, 2011: Comparative Maps of Agricultural Census and Administrative Returns
SVK Livestock by territory, Products and period
MYS Selected Agricultural Indicators 2013 (Indikator Pertanian Terpilih 2013) (http://www.statistics.gov.my/portal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1834:free-download&catid=61&Itemid=111&lang=bm)
MOZ Mozambique: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2011-2012 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
NPL 2009 data
PAK Agricultural Census 2010 (http://www.pbs.gov.pk/content/agricultural-census-2010-pakistan-report)
PAN VII Censo Nacional Agropecuario. Resultados Finales (http://www.contraloria.gob.pa/inec/Publicaciones/subcategoria.aspx?ID_CATEGORIA=15&ID_SUBCATEGORIA=60&ID_IDIOMA=1)
ROU Romania: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2008-2012 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
PHL Livestock survey Philippines 2010
ESP Spain: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2010-2013 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
SYR Syrian Arab Republic: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2008-2012 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
THA Thailand: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2007-2013 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)
TUR Livestock Database 2014 (http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/hayvancilikapp/hayvancilik_ing.zul)
GBR -9999
USA 2012 Census of Agriculture (http://www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2012/)
VEN VII Censo Agrícola - 2007
VNM Agricultural Census database 2001
SWZ Swaziland: World Animal Health Information Database (WAHID) - Animal Population 2012-2013 (http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Countryinformation/Animalpopulation)